26 dicembre 2007
Ricerca al Centro dello Sviluppo - Research at The Centre of Development
As everyone knows, the situation of research in Italy is embarassing. A survey published by "Corriere della Sera", gave us a complete picture. Researchers at the Centre of National Research with postgraduate degrees (age 30+), received a salary of 800EUR (less than a manual worker), paid not monthly but quarterly. Moreover, researchers themselves had to clean the premises, not to live in the rubbish. The result is that our few researchers migrate aborad (we are among the biggest exporter of postgraduate degree holders in the world), further weakening the Italian research structure. If we all know the situation, few of us know that consequences of this state of things. Growth potential stems from prductivity (research is the prime component), and from the dimension of the work force. Well, productivity has diminished for the first time since the '70s, and there is the chance that it will continue to do so. We do not innovate, but we import new technologies, as it is underlined by how our researchers are treated. Investing in research is the most important element for Italy's long term growth, and without this we are destined to become periphery in Europe and in the world. However, our politicians seem to think it differently, absorbed in their partition of power. Get close together, we have to change things.
2 dicembre 2007
La crisi finanziaria e l'Italia - Italy and the financial crisis
The Global economy is at a turning point. After recording high growth levels for the last five years, economic growth is about to slow considerably due to the subprime crisis. The probability of recession in the US is now almost at 50%, while the Eurozone economy will grow just under its potential in 2008. The point here is simple: The period of elevated growth has ended and Italy has lost another chance. Indeed, our politicians are focused on changing the box of their political movements, but they did not change the content. While Italy follows interested these "drastic changes" no one has asked himself: where are new ideas? the truth is that there are no new ideas, and our politicians are completely outside the new globalized world. Italian growth is the slowest of the Eurozone (before Portugal though), but we spend time reforming again the pension system (easing previous contraints). Inflation started to bite again (expect more increases) and we talk about safety in the football stadiums. Our politicians are not able to guide our country anymore, and we need new entrants who know how to tackle these new problems. Politicians, why don't you leave space to the youth? Even in communist China older politicians (i.e. Teng Hsiao P'ing) have left space to younger figures in order to speed the process of economic reform. Is it possible that we are becoming more reactionary than a communist dicatorship?
23 settembre 2007
Chi Sono i Comici e Chi Sono i Politici? – Who are the Comedians and Who are the Politicians?
di Marco Spaltro
Ultimamente la situazione politica sembra piuttosto confusa in Italia. Un famoso comico si è messo a fare politica, ed è riuscito a guadagnarsi le firme di 300,000 persone, pronte a supportarlo in un cambiamento radicale del sistema politico Italiano. Il fatto è che non si riesce più a distinguere i politici dai comici. Quando parlano sembrano esattamente uguali: proposte senza un nesso logico, accuse senza esclusione di colpi, ma completa assenza di fatti o di azione. Ciò che fa più riflettere è che 300,000 persone sono disposte a lasciare i nostri politici, per seguire un comico, ormai asfissiati dall’incapacità della nostra classe politica. Vi sono tre importanti considerazioni da fare al riguardo. 1) Se un artista deve scomodarsi per fare politica, significa che abbiamo proprio toccato il fondo della politica e del sistema Italia. 2) Il copioso seguito sottolinea che la gente è disposta a seguire un comico senza alcuna esperienza nel campo politico, piuttosto che continuare a sentire politici incapaci che non pensano al bene comune. 3) Comici e politici potrebbero invertire i propri ruoli e nessuno se ne accorgerebbe. Tuttavia, il fatto secondo me più grave è che le più alte cariche dello stato si siano precipitate a rispondere ad un comico, invece di pensare, come fanno tutti i politici dei paesi normali, ai più recenti sviluppi dei mercati finanziari che potrebbero arrecare ingenti danni ad una economia rigida come la nostra. Perché i politici hanno cosi paura? Hanno paura che i loro posti privilegiati, ottenuti senza merito e capacità, vengano spazzati via da un popolo che non ne può più. I segnali forti di scontento sono tutti qui, ora tocca a noi giovani appoggiarci a quei rari esempi di politici capaci che credono nel cambiamento radicale del nostro paese. Non siamo soli, crediamo nel futuro, lottiamo per crearlo.
Lately the situation seems pretty confused in Italy . A famous comedian started to do politics, and he gained 300,000 signatures from people ready to support him in a radical change of the Italian political system. The fact is that it is not possible to recognize the difference between comedians and politicians in Italy anymore. When they talk they seem pretty similar: arguments without any rationale, unfounded reciprocal accusations, but complete absence of facts and actions. What makes us astonished is that 300,000 people are willing to leave our politicians, to follow a comedian, fed up by their incapacity. Three important considerations have to be made. 1) If an artist has to do politics, means that we really touched the bottom of the Italian politics and the Italian system. 2) The huge following underlines that people are willing to follow a comedian without previous political experience, instead of continuing to listen to incapable politicians, who do not think about the common good. 3) Comedians and politicians could switch their role and no one would even notice it. However, the most important thing is that the highest ranks of our politicians rushed to reply to the comedians, instead of thinking about the recent crisis of the financial system, which is more likely to affect rigid economies like the Italian one. Why politicians are so scared? They are afraid that their privileged posts, obtained without objective merit, might be taken away from the huge discontent among the citizens. The strong signals are all here, now the youth has to find support in the rare examples of politicians who believe in the radical change of our country. We are not alone, believe in the future, and fight to create it.
24 agosto 2007
Eppur si muove… and yet it moves..
di Marco Spaltro
Gli ultimi dati svelano ancora una volta che la corrente ripresa del nostro paese è fragile. I dati del Pil Italiano, mostrano che nel secondo trimestre, l’economia ha rallentato fortemente rispetto alle letture del primo trimestre. Cio’ di cui non dobbiamo scordarci è proprio che, anche se l’Italia puo’ performare decentemente (tuttavia molto al di sotto della media europea) per questo e il prossimo anno, i fondamentali sono purtroppo tutti negativi per la crescita nel lungo periodo. Inoltre, il recente periodo di crescita globale è un’eccezione a livello storico, che probabilmente si verificherà poche altre volte in futuro. Come abbiamo sempre sottolineato, la ripresa sostenuta viene da decisioni nette, cambiamenti radicali della politica e della politica economica del nostro paese. Abbiamo detto in passato che i politici Italiani sono immobili e insensibili ai nostri problemi. Mi sbagliavo. L’Onorevole Capezzone (Vice-presidente della commissione Attivita Produttive alla Camera) ha deciso di organizzare due eventi, uno per protestare contro la recenti difficoltà per riformare una volta per tutte il sistema pensionistico Italiano, un secondo per sostenere l’applicazione della “flat-tax” nel giro di quattro anni, supportato da un reale riduzione della spesa pubblica. Voglio far notare come tali incontri siano totalmente indipendenti da ogni partito politico. Inoltre nel sito del movimento decidere.net sono elencati 13 punti sul quale confrontarsi per cambiare l’Italia e rendere finalmente il nostro paese competitivo nel nuovo mondo globale. Mi sento vicino a tutti i campi di riforma elencati dall’onorevole Capezzone, e mi sento vicinissimo al modo in cui l’onoreovole vorrebbe portare avanti la lotta per un’ Italia migliore. Basta con la politica del compromesso, dell’indecisione. Bisogna avere coraggio di cambiare, e guardare avanti. Pertanto, invito tutti i partecipanti del Movimento, amici e simpatizzanti di unirci e supportare queste manifestazioni promosse dall’Onorevole Capezzone. Le due manifestazioni si terranno a Roma il 22 Settembre (tema le pensioni) e il 29 Settembre a Milano, dove il tema centrale sarà invece la “flat-tax”. Personalmente sarò presente all’incontro di Milano, e spero che molti giovani come noi si presenteranno all’evento per far sentire ai politici che ci siamo, che crediamo in un’ Italia nuova e moderna. Questa è un’ottima occasione per essere attori del cambiamento. Non rimaniamo a guardare, creiamo e creiamoci un futuro.
Contattatemi pure alla mia e-mail: marcospaltro@hotmail.com per aderire all’evento. Ci vediamo a Milano il 29 Settembre!
The last data release shows once again that the recent growth pick up is fragile. The recent GDP readings show that in the second quarter the Italian economy grew much slower than in the first quarter. What we should not forget is that, even if Italy can eventually perform decently (although much lower than the EU average), all the fundamentals are against a sustained rate of growth in the long run. Moreover, the recent strong global economic growth is an historical exception, that probably will happen again few times in the future. As we previously underlined, the economic recovery comes from sharp-cut decisions, radical changes of the politics and political economy of our country. We have said that in the past Italian politicians are insensitive to our problems. I was wrong. Mr. Capezzone (MP, Vice president of the productive activities in the House of Representatives) has decided to organize two events, one to reform the Italian pension system, the second to endorse the adoption of the flat tax, financed by real cuts of the public expenditure. I want to underline that these events are completely independent from every political movement. Moreover, in the website decidere.net are listed 13 points on which we can debate in order to change Italy , and make finally our country competitive in the new global environment. I feel close to all the reform camps listed by Mr. Capezzone, and I feel really close to the way he wants to address the reforms. We have to drop the politics of compromise, of the undecided. We have to have the courage to change, and look forward. Therefore, all the participants of the movement and friends are invited to join this event promoted by Mr. Capezzone. The two manifestations, will be held in Rome the 22nd of September (pensions and youth) and on the 29th of Saptember in Milan (on flat tax and growth). I will be personally present at the Milan event, and I hope that many young people like us will be present, to show to our politicians that we are here, that we believe in a new and modern Italy . This is a great opportunity to be actors of the change. Don’t stay passive, create a future and create a future for ourselves.
Contact me on my email address marcospaltro@hotmail.com to be part of the even. I’ll see you in Milan on the 29th of September.25 luglio 2007
Ricerca e Istruzione? - Research and Education?
di Marco Spaltro
Come ho più volte sottolineato, nel mondo globalizzato, le risorse più importanti del paese sono la ricerca e l’istruzione. Molte volte sentiamo parlare i nostri politici di questo argomento. Ma dove finiscono le parole? Le parole finiscono li dove cominciano, nel nulla. Intanto la situazione in Italia è a dir poco imbarazzante: più della metà dei ricercatori scientifici sono assunti con contratti di collaborazione e guadagnano tra gli 800 e i 1200 euro al mese. Addirittura un terzo guadagna meno di 800 euro netti! Uno può obiettare, forse questi ricercatori lavorano poche ore. Non è cosi, lavorano quasi tutti più di 38 ore settimanali con punte di 45. Bene i dati interessanti sono due: l’82% degli intervistati non ha figli, e i ¾ degli intervistati hanno meno di 35 anni. Credo che poche persone si rendano conto di ciò che sta accadendo in Italia. Le persone in teoria più importanti per il nostro futuro, non riescono neppure a pagarsi l’affitto di casa e per evidenti vincoli economici non possono crearsi una propria famiglia. Mi sono stufato di sentire parlare i politici di ricerca e di investimento nei giovani. La verità è che ci lasciano andare alla deriva.
I underlined many times that in a globalized world, the most important resources for a country are research and education. Many times we hear our politicians talking about this topic. Where do the words go? Words go where they came from, from nothing. In the meantime the situation in
30 giugno 2007
La Cina e' incompatibile con libertà - China is not compatible with freedom
My blog has been banned in China, thus it cannot be read by my friends in the "Middle Kingdom" anymore. The cause seems to be what I wrote a couple of months ago about China, which seems not to have been appreciated by the censure organism of the Communist dictatorship. While Chinese citizens think to have freedom (they suffered a brainwash process in their childhood) as we have in western countries, this shows that every thought that could be potentially destabilizing for the "harmonius Chinese society" will be deleted, like in the best traditions of communist countries, from the Soviet Union, till Cuba and East Germany. For us youth this is a clear message: we have to fight so that our country will not die outpaced by the Chinese communist model, where there is freedom just for the highest ranked politicians of the party. Sadly, the nations that are strong economically (and militarily) manages to impose their values to the weaker country. Therefore, our effort for a more flexible and young economy is also a fight for our values, against the cernsorship of the freedom of speech and Chinese absolutism. Freedom comes before everything.
20 giugno 2007
L'Italia è Malata di Cancro - Italy Has a Cancer
La metà del "tesoretto" va ai pensionati. Ora è ufficiale. Tale notizia non fa altro che rafforzare la nostra teoria secondo la quale i giovani Italiani sono lasciati a se stessi, mentre un trattamento speciale viene riservato ai pensionati. Inoltre ogni anno il parlamento perde la maggiorparte del suo tempo a discutere e infine legiferare su una ipotetica riforma delle pensioni. La cosa sbalorditiva è che i giovani non si muovono, nessuno si mobilita per protestare contro uno stato che opprime la nostra forza e creatività. Ma dove sono gli elementi giovani all'interno dei partiti? perchè non muovono un dito? Abbiamo notato invece come i pensionati siano ben protetti, quando si parla di loro, bigogna interpellare ogni parte politica, confindustria e sindacati. Lo stato moderno cresce investendo in innovazione, ricerca e scuola, ma noi abbiamo scelto la strada dell'investimento negli anziani. Tale situazione va invertita adesso, abbiamo bisogno di politici con coraggio, abbiamo bisogno di rompere con il compromesso, abbiamo bisogno di fare scelte coraggiose che guardino al futuro. Si, L'Italia ha il cancro, va curata con la chemioterapia. Sembra invece che i nostri politici abbiano deciso di somministrarci degli antidolorifici.
Half of the unexpected tax revenues is going to feed pensioner's needs. Now it is official. This new reinforces our theory according to which the Italian Youth are left alone, whereas a special treatment is reserved to pensioners. Moreover, every year the parliament loses the majority of its time discussing and producing laws on an hypothetical pension system reform. The most surprising thing is that young people do not move, no one protests against a state that is killing our strength and creativity. Where are the youth components of the parties? Why they do not react? We have noted instead that pensioners are well protected, and when they talk about them, there is the need to involve parties, unions and firms' representatives. The modern state grows investing in innovation, research and school, but we have chosen to invest in elderly people. This situation has to be changed now, we need politicians with courage, we need to stop compromising, we need brave choices for the future. Yes,
25 marzo 2007
La Situazione Dell' Economia - The Economic Situation
We are starting to see some positive data for our economy. After years of 0 growth, our old engine is starting to move again. Positive signals were out already during the cirsis period , but results did not came out. The best surprise, which no one seems to be interested in, is that of the decrease in the unemployment level. According to ISTAT (national statistics institute), the level is at 6.8%, much lower than that of Germany and France, and we are approaching that of UK. The highest improvement comes form the South, for one time capable of outperforming the Italian average. This fact starts to impact positively consumption data and retail sales, for one time, after many years, the engine of growth. Moreover, all the most respected economic institutes are starting to revise up the growth estimates for 2007. OECD, for example, is thinking to revise growth up for this year at +2.2% (prior estimate was +1.4%). These positive data, if they will be confirmed, make us optmist. The only problem remains the long term future: will be able to sustain this level of growth? Will we be alble to grow one more year above the growth potential? Remember that the potentail is determined by work force and labour productivity. However, these positive news remind us that if we work constantly to innovate our country, we can start to become dynamic, and a reference point for the European Union.
3 marzo 2007
I Sindacati - Labour Unions
The role of the labour unions in a modern economy should be that of giving voice to the workers and reduce the salary gap between workers, reducing the increasing inequality that we are seeing in these days. This role is certainly beneficial to the economy and to the society. However, in Italy we are seeing a "genetical mutation" of the unions. They do not care about salary and workers, but politics and old people, that form the majority of the unions. Does not exist any other developed country in which the union poses conditions to a government voted by Italians. The union should intervene to defend the workers and permit to our country and employment to grow. Our labour unions opposes everything called change, against the youth, the more hurt by the Italian crises. Sometimes I question myself: where are the unions when the youth is paid 800 euros per month? shouldn't they fight to eliminate those market imperfections instead of blocking every liberalization and innovation process? Every political and economic decision has to pass through the unions. My question is: who voted for them?
23 febbraio 2007
Perchè Non Possiamo Avere Un Paese Normale? - Why Cannot We Have a Normal Country?
19 febbraio 2007
Buone e Cattive Notizie - Good and Bad news
Italy seems to have started to grow again, after having rested for the last 4 years. GDP has grown 1.1% q/q, 2.9% with respect to the same quarter in 2005. This translates in a GDP growth of 2.0% in 2006. On a quartely basis we did even better than the US and UK! However we have to considere that these are preliminary estimates, which could be subject to revisions, even big ones. Growth is mainly due to the recent German expansion, but also to our businesses which started to think globally, forced by stiff international competition. These good news are also bad news. Recently, there has been shy attempts to liberalize the goods and services markets, reforms which we desperately need. The danger is that this reform spirit will disappear, blocked by an higher than expected growth. We do not have to wait because our economy started to grow again, we have to change our economy right now, when changes are less painful. Moreover a Repubblica survey showed that people appreciate much more those ministers who are fighting to liberalize, and penalize those who are against changes. This is a clear signal: go ahead with change, now that we are growing. We don't have to use the first signals of growth as an excuse to stop this process.
3 febbraio 2007
Come in Italia si Affrontano i Problemi - How We Tackle the Problems in Italy
I was reading an article on Corriere della Sera on Friday, when I understood that the principal problem is that in Italy no one seems to understand which is the cause of low birth rate in our country. The Italian Institute of Medicine noted that the Italian male is ageing and he does not want kids anymore. All true. Italian adolescence sometimes arrives until 34 years old (!!) and just 18% of parents think that children should leave the household at 18 years old. Everyone knows that. Well, do you know how we try to solve the problem? In the article were cited "communication campaigns" to promote parenthood fundend by the ministry of Health and ministry of the Family to avoid that Italy will become a sterile society! First of all maybe the experts of the ministry did not notice that our society is sterile since many years not only for a birth rate point of view but also of ideas. Moreover how do they think to solve the problem with communication campaigns? If you read the comment by Alberto on the university post you will have the answer. The Italian youth do not marry and they do not make children because we work for free right in the period in which we should create our indipendent family. Which fool would marry without an income to pay the rent? The choice not to have children is driven by rational individuals who wants to survive, not starve. We wait without doing nothing and we also tolerate that old personnel from the ministry propose ridicolous measures to help us creating our own family. They did not understand that first they have to give us dignity and a job to survive.
25 gennaio 2007
La Fortuna di Essere Liberi - The Luck to Be Free
Few times we realize how lucky we are to live in a free country in which we can vote and express our opinion. In China, for example, it could be dangerous to talk about politics in a public place, or also writing a blog like mine. Our country let us develop a critic culture, and made us capable to think independently. This means that the blame should be even more on us. We have all that we need to change our country, but we do not rise a finger. We watch it drowning, even a blind would notice that. Our parents fought in the 70s, to modernize Italy (did they really do that? or just on the surface?), why are we still? Why don't we get together and let our voice loud? Why we don't let anyone say anymore: life is better in UK? We have a country in our hands, we can intervene because we live in a democratic country. It is not that difficult.
24 gennaio 2007
Riforme "Strutturali" - "Structural" Reforms
Structural reforms! structural reforms? In Italy we don't even know what does it mean. We classify as structural the lift of the retirement age. It seems an unsurmountable obstacle, a heavy rock to carry. Life expectancy is increasing every year, thus it would be reasonable to lift retirement age, to save the pension system. Instead for us is a structural reform..be careful. We have to call all the social parts, produce a "300 page" document to explain to everyone that working two years more it is not a tragedy. I will say what I think: it is not a structural reform, it is just a stitch for a bigger hole. Structural means invest in the youth, research and university. Structural means ignore the needse of everyone and go ahead without fear. When Blair spoke as a prime minister said: my programme consists of 3 parts: education, education, education. He understood everything, he understood how a modern economy works, and how it develops. Well, today the British economy grows above its potential and they have a problem of increasing inflation, due to higher growth. To do this he had to cut 100,000 jobs in the public administration. Basically, he transferred resources from a non productive sector (public officers) to one really productive: the future!. We don't have to give up, believe in the future. A revolution is possible also in Italy.
19 gennaio 2007
Riforma delle Pensioni? - Pension System Reform?
17 gennaio 2007
L'Università Italiana - Italian University
One of the main problems of our country is the lack of internationally recognized universities (a part from some exceptions, that however form future emigrants) that can create a ruling class really prepared and modern. One of the main characteristics of the Italian university system is the low mobility of the students .In Italy people study where they were born, and they do not have any incentive to move somewhere else to study (differently from all the other EU countries). What is the cause of this? There is no quality differentiation among universities so big that can make students move and study in another university. Moreover we do not have a national selection process, which permits to sort good and bad students. When you select at a national level the students, if undergraduates want to continue their studies, have to move somewhere else. This would create an optimal allocation of ‘brains’, and would spur intergenerational mobility. Many papers (see “More Equal But Less Mobile”, Checchi Ichino e Rustichini) show that our university system has produced a still society, where it is really difficult to emerge for the poorer. Who was born in a poor household, will stay poor. Other research (see Perotti) show that in Italy poor families are actually subsidizing university education for rich people. Indeed the vast majority of university students are from middle high income, and the tax burden is excessively on poor household, when compared to the service they receive. University for everyone, has practically destroyed our society and has made permanent damages to our economy.
15 gennaio 2007
Seconda Settimana - Second Week
This week I have received really interesting comments. The response from the readers is really positive and this works as a stimulus to continue with our movement. Michele let us notice 3 fundamental points of the backwardness of our system. First, there is a complete absence of meritocracy within the labour market. In Uk or in US, who is better goes up, independently from age. Second, there is a low mobility of university students. In Italy people study where they were born, and students do not have any incentive to move to study somewhere else (differently from other EU countries). This makes Italian students attached to their families and does not permit them to be financially independent. Another interesting point is the lack of connections between university and labour market. In UK the students finish the University in June and during the summer they have the chance to go for an internship linked to their specialization. I want to let you notice that in UK it is not permitted to get an internship if you have a degree, contrary to Italy! In Italy now it is a method to exploit the most skilled part of our labour force.
Tommy is giving his support from abroad making us notice how is the situation in Ireland. Tommy says that in Ireland the starting salary for a recent graduate is 1800Euros, while in Italy after 8 years of working in a top accounting firm, we can expect 2900Euros per month. We should notice two things. Ireland has a GDP per capita like the US and has seen a huge economic growth in recent years. Therefore part of the net product goes in the pockets of the workers. In Italy we do not have anything to part! We have grown at a 0 rate for 5 years. Moreover in Italy, old workers protected by the powerful unions managed to keep their position, while the youth, protected by no one, has seen its position worsening. I want to point out that the fact that our salaries are so low, depends also on us. Companies can offer this wages because we accept them. If we do not accept, they will not have anyone to work with. Sometimes we have to have courage and ask for the right wage. As Tommy would say we have to be tough and risk!13 gennaio 2007
I giovani nella Ricerca - Youth in Research
The sufference of the youth happens in every sector in Italy, but mostly in strategic sectors like scientific research. Among 18.651 professors, just 0.5% is less than 35 years old, exactly 9 professors. 65+ years old professors are exactly 30% of the total number. Who can deny the whole system is breaking down? Just a fool would. How can we produce research with professors that cannot even use the modern scientific instruments? Everyone know that the most prolific period to produce research is between 25 and 35 years old. Moreover the number of professors has more than doubled in the last 20 years, but the proportion of young researchers has decreased drastically. It is interesting to make a comparison. Professors with less than 35 years old represent the 7.3% in US, 11.6% in France and 16% I n UK. Then many people ask me why researchers go away from Italy. Numbers speak alone. Research environment is completely dead and lacks of ideas and direction. It is not a question of money invested, but how this money is invested. Basically, we give money to people who are not producing research since 20 years and they are just enforcing their dominant position in our society. Who loses? Us. Our best researchers go abroad (see “how large is the brain drain from Italy”, Becker, Ichino, Peri) and they tend to move permanently to the hosting countries. This phenomenon probably will increase since it is easier now to move to foreign countries, especially within the EU. The result is an enormous loss of competitiveness of our system and lack of people actually able to create knowledge. Just have a look at the cultural level of Italian politicians, one more time I do not need to make any comment.
9 gennaio 2007
Perché siamo cosi importanti – Why we are so important
8 gennaio 2007
Durante la prima settimana del Movimento Giovanitaliani, ho ricevuto numerosi commenti, molti dei quali davvero interessanti. In particolare vorrei citare l'intervento di Shan che faceva notare come in Germania lo stato si stia facendo carico dell'enorme problema della bassa natalità (tra le più basse al mondo assieme all'Italia, Giappone e Spagna). In pratica viene erogato un'assegno di max 1800 euro per ogni bambino nato, in modo da supportare economicamente le famiglie e innalzare in modo graduale il tasso di natalità. La Germania come il Giappone, accomunati dalla mancanza di bambini, sono accomunati anche dalla mancanza di idee e di progetti, di coraggio e di sviluppo economico. Non mi stancherò mai di dire che l'invecchiamento della popolazione non è solo un fenomeno economico che può essere risolto riducendo le pensioni, ma è anche un fenomeno più ampio, che inibisce ricerca e innovazione, che riduce la propensione al rischio in economia e in politica. Un altro commento interessante è quello di Gianluca. Cita infatti il problema dell'anzianità dei nostri politici, e il fatto che solamente tre su seicentotrenta parlamentari hanno tra i 25 e i 29 anni. Ha ragione: come si fa a governare un paese nel 2007 con una cosi bassa rappresentanza di giovani nel parlamento? E' vero che non ci sono spazi, ma molti giovani sono passivi e non intendono combattere per i loro diritti. Non vogliono sacrificare il presente per il futuro. La colpa è del sistema chiuso, ma anche nostra che non cerchiamo di aprirlo.
Vorrei ringraziare Gennaro e Alessandro per i loro interventi. Il vostro contributo è essenziale per il Movimento Giovanitaliani. Persone meno giovani dovrebbero condividere con noi il nostro progetto, in modo da rendere più semplice il cambiamento del nostro paese.
During the first week of the movement of the Italian Youth, I have received many comments, plenty of them really interesting and inspiring. In particular I wanted to cite Shan’s comment on Germany, where the state is trying to reverse the path of low birth rate (one of the lowest in the world with Italy, Japan and Spain). Basically the mother receives a maximum of 1800 per child, to support economically the families and gradually increase the birth rate. Germany like Japan have in common the lack of youth, the lack of projects and new ideas, of courage of changing things and economic growth. I will always keep saying that population aging is not only an economic phenomenon, that can be solved by reducing pensions, but is a wider phenomenon, that inhibits research and innovation and reduces the propensity to risk in economics and in politics. Gianluca made another interesting comment about the lack of youth in the Italian parliament. He is right: how can a nation be guided in 2007 with such a low percentage of young people in the parliament? It is true that there are no spaces, but young people are passive and they do not want to fight for their rights. They do not intend to sacrifice the present for the future. We have to blame the closed system, but also ourselves because we do not try to open it.7 gennaio 2007
Lavoro per i giovani - The job for the youth
Appena ho finito di studiare Economia a Londra ho deciso di cercare lavoro a Milano e nel Regno Unito. Continuavo a ripetere a me stesso: perchè in Italia no? Ho fatto diversi colloqui con aziende conosciute nel circolo finanziario internazionale. Le offerte variavano da 0 per tre mesi più una possibilità di 600 Euro per i restanti tre a 700 Euro lordi al mese. Molte di queste società hanno visto crescere i propri profitti del 30% l'anno passato, e io mi chiedevo: ma dove vanno questi profitti?
Tale situazione si chiama sfruttamento del lavoro. I pensionati vanno in piazza perchè vogliono più pensioni, i forestali calabresi bloccano gli aeroporti per avere il loro improduttivo stipendio. Noi giovani casa facciamo? Assolutamente nulla. Accettiamo l'offerta dalla prestigiosa banca d'affari e lavoriamo 12 ore al giorno (se siamo fortunati) per un possibile miglior futuro. Nel frattempo però la nostra condizione è penosa. Dopo aver studiato per anni e magari aver ottenuto anche la lode all'università, ci troviamo ad avere uno stipendio con cui non riusciamo neanche a pagarci l'affitto. E' proprio difficile per me immaginare un futuro per una nazione in cui i giovani non possono in alcun modo essere indipendenti economicamente e crearsi la propria famiglia. In sostanza sembra proprio che la mancata crescita di questi 5 anni passati sia stata addossata su di noi, proprio perchè tutte le altre componenti della società sono riusciti bene a proteggere i propri interessi. Noi siamo rimasti fuori da tutto aspettando che arrivi prima o poi qualcuno ad aiutarci.
Non ci aiuterà nessuno, e i giovani più intraprendenti stanno abbandonando l'Italia già da molti anni impoverendo sempre di più il nostro capitale umano. Perchè tutti hanno ciò che vogliono e noi non possiamo avere un lavoro come tutti i nostri colleghi in Europa? Abbiamo già perso la voglia di lottare a vent'anni?
4 gennaio 2007
Discutiamo insieme - Discuss altogether
Ho notato con piacere che alcuni di voi hanno deciso di inviare dei commenti. Mi impegno a fare un riepilogo settimanale di tutti i vostri commenti in modo da rendere la discussione interattiva e aperta a tutti. Vi voglio ricordare che il motivo per cui ho deciso di fondare questo movimento è il miglioramento della condizione dei giovani e l'ammodernamento del nostro paese. Dobbiamo discutere tutti insieme per il nostro futuro. Troppe volte mi trovo a parlare con ragazzi senza più speranza e troppe volte mi trovo da solo a cercare di convincerli che qualcosa può essere cambiato. Aggreghiamoci e restiamo uniti, solo cosi ci ascolteranno.
I am glad that some of you decided to include comments to my posts. I will make a weekly summary on your posts in order to render the discussion open to everyone. I want to remind you that I decided to found this movement to ameliorate the condition of the youth and our country. We have to discuss altogether about our future. Too many times I have found myself with people with no hope and too many times I am alone, trying to convince them. Get together and be united, they will listen to us.
3 gennaio 2007
Perchè invecchiamo? - Why are we ageing?
Rispondere al "perchè invecchiamo" è semplice. Il sistema democratico ha numerosissimi vantaggi e qualche svantaggio. Questa volta la democrazia rema contro di noi e contro il nostro futuro. Un politico si aggiudica le elezioni se fa ciò che l'elettore mediano (in una popolazione di 100 individui, l'elettore mediano è il 50esimo) vuole. Se l'elettore mediano vuole più pensioni per gli over 60, e più spazi per giocare a bridge, e il nostro politico lo mette nel programma, la probabilità di vincere le elezioni sarà molto elevata. In Italia l'elettore mediano è sempre più anziano, e vivendo in un regime democratico, l'anziano decide dunque la politica economica del nostro paese. Mentre aumentano le pensioni e non le riformano, sottraggono risorse ai giovani e ai loro progetti, facendo diminuire a loro volta la possibilità di farci una nostra famiglia ed essere indipendenti economicamente (dunque riducendo il tasso di natalità). In sostanza siamo di fronte ad un circolo vizioso dal quale è molto difficile uscirne. L'unica soluzione è creare un movimento forte che faccia sentire la sua voce. Bisogna invertire la rotta e il cambiamento non sarà indolore.
Answering to why we are ageing is simple. The democratic system has many advantages and some disadvantages. This time democracy is going against us and our future. A politician wins the elections if he does what the median voter wants. If the median voter wants more pensions, and more spaces to play “bridge”, and our politician puts that in the programme, his probabilities to win the elections will increase dramatically. In Italy the median voter is getting older and older, and since we live in a democracy, the old person decides the polical economy of our country. While pensions are increasing and they do not reform them, they subtract resources to the youth and to their projects, letting to diminish the possibility to have our own family and being economically independent (therefore reducing the birth rate). Basically we are facing a vicious cycle from which it is very difficult to get out. The only way is to create a strong movement that makes its voice heard. We have to change direction and the change will not be painless.2 gennaio 2007
Facciamo finta di non capire - Seems we do not want to understand
Il problema cruciale del nostro paese è quello delle poche nascite e dell'allungamento della speranza di vita, che combinate causano un invecchiamento della popolazione senza precedenti. Pochi riescono a capire che il nodo dello sviluppo è proprio questo. Cambiare il regime fiscale (e.g. schemi di tassazione) o una diversa politica monetaria (alzare o abbassare i tassi di interesse) può avere un impatto nel breve periodo sulla nostra crescita, ma è inefficace nel lungo periodo. Il motivo è semplice: il potenziale di crescita di un paese (tasso di crescita al quale un paese può crescere nel lungo periodo senza inflazione) è determinato dalla dimensione della forza lavoro e dalla produttività del lavoro. Bene, la produttività è in una fase di contrazione e la forza lavoro cresce a tassi bassissimi (semplicemente non abbiamo nuove leve da inserire nel mercato del lavoro). In Italia spendiamo mesi e mesi per riformare il regime fiscale quando ciò avrà un impatto del tutto marginale sul nostro sviluppo nel lungo periodo.
The crucial problem of our country is that of birth reduction and increasing life hope, which combined are creating an ageing of the population. Few recognize that this is the main point. Changing the fiscal regime or the monetary policy can have an impact on growth in the short run, but it is ineffective in the long run. The reason is that the growth potential of a country is determined by the dimension of the labour force and by the productivity of labour. Well, productivity is actually in a contraction phase and the labour force is growing at a little pace (simply we do not have new workers to introduce in the labour force). In Italy we spend months and months to reform the fiscal regime, while it will have a marginal impact on our growth in the long run.
1 gennaio 2007
Aprire gli occhi - Open your eys
L'Italia sta vivendo un crisi profondissima, non solo economica, ma anche sociale che investe ogni singola componente del nostro paese. Nell'era della globalizzazione, l'Italia non riesce a competere e a stare al passo con gli altri. Siamo come un organismo che non riesce più a sopravvivere nel suo ambiente e che piano piano si sta estinguendo. La nostra popolazione diminuisce e invecchia velocemente togliendo risorse vitali allo sviluppo. L'invecchiamento e la mancanza di ricambio generazionale ha creato una drastica riduzione di innovazione, ricerca e dinamicità del sistema. Se non ci prendiamo le nostre responsabilità come giovani un giorno il nostro paese morirà come muore un animale che non riesce più ad adattarsi alle condizioni ambientali che lo circondano. Dobbiamo reagire, avere un ruolo attivo nella politica e nella società per bloccare il nostro declino. Dobbiamo aprire gli occhi.
Italy is living a deep crisis, not only economic, but also social which affects every single component of our country. In the globalization process, Italy is not able to compete and keep the speed of its competitors. We are like an organism which is not able to survive in its environment and is extinguishing slowly. Our population diminishes and ages at a fast pace, subtracting resources for our development. Ageing and the lack of a generational reciprocation has created a drastic reduction of innovation, research and changing capacity of the system. If we do not take our responsibilities one day our country will disappear like an animal that is not able to adapt to the new environmental conditions. We have to react, we must have an active role in politics to stop our decline. We have to open our eyes.